The main difference between normal blood sugar levels and prediabetes lies in the range of blood glucose (sugar) levels that a person exhibits. Blood sugar levels are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L) and can be determined through a blood test.
Normal Blood Sugar:
- Fasting Blood Sugar: A normal fasting blood sugar level is typically between 70 to 99 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L).
- Random Blood Sugar: A normal random blood sugar level is generally below 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) in a non-diabetic individual.
Prediabetes: Prediabetes is a condition that occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes. It is an intermediate stage between normal blood sugar and type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes increases the risk of developing diabetes, but it can also be an opportunity to make lifestyle changes and prevent or delay the onset of diabetes.
- Fasting Blood Sugar: A fasting blood sugar level between 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): A blood sugar level between 140 to 199 mg/dL (7.8 to 11.0 mmol/L) two hours after consuming a sugary drink during an OGTT is indicative of prediabetes.
If blood sugar levels consistently fall within the prediabetes range, it is essential to take preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes such as adopting a healthier diet, increasing physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight can be effective in managing prediabetes and preventing its progression to diabetes.
It's important to note that blood sugar levels can vary based on individual factors, and the diagnosis of prediabetes should be made by a healthcare professional through proper blood tests and evaluation of medical history and risk factors. Regular check-ups and screenings are crucial for managing blood sugar levels and overall health.