HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing of contaminated needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.
The progress made in managing HIV includes:
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): The development and widespread availability of antiretroviral drugs have significantly improved the prognosis for individuals living with HIV. ART helps suppress the virus, allowing people with HIV to live healthier and longer lives while reducing the risk of transmission to others.
Prevention Strategies: Public health efforts have focused on prevention strategies such as promoting safe sex practices, needle exchange programs for people who inject drugs, and offering Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to individuals at high risk of contracting HIV.
Awareness and Education: Increasing awareness about HIV transmission, prevention, and destigmatizing the condition has been crucial in encouraging early testing, access to treatment, and a more inclusive approach to people living with HIV.
I recommend checking more recent sources such as the World Health Organization (WHO) or other reputable health organizations for the latest updates on the global HIV situation and any additional advancements that might have occurred after that time.