There are several reasons why people might choose not to have surgery when they have cancer that has spread, also known as metastatic cancer. These reasons can vary depending on the individual's unique circumstances and preferences. Some common reasons include:
Advanced stage: Metastatic cancer is typically at an advanced stage, and surgery may not be effective in controlling the spread or curing the disease.
Risk and complications: Surgery for metastatic cancer can be more challenging and may come with increased risks and complications due to the cancer's spread to other organs or tissues.
Quality of life: Some individuals may prioritize their quality of life over aggressive treatments like surgery, choosing to focus on palliative care and symptom management instead.
Limited benefits: In some cases, surgery may offer limited benefits in terms of survival or disease control compared to other treatment options.
Underlying health conditions: People with other medical conditions that make them unfit for surgery may explore alternative treatments.
Personal beliefs: Personal beliefs and cultural factors may influence a person's decision to avoid surgery.
Alternative treatments to surgery for metastatic cancer include:
Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells. It can be used to shrink tumors, relieve pain, and control the growth of cancer in specific areas.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. It is administered orally, intravenously, or through other methods and can treat cancer throughout the body.
Targeted therapy: Targeted therapies are medications that specifically target certain molecules involved in cancer growth. They are designed to be more selective in their action than traditional chemotherapy.
Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy aims to boost the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively.
Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is used to treat certain types of cancers that are sensitive to hormones, such as breast and prostate cancer. It works by blocking or reducing the effects of hormones on cancer cells.
Palliative care: While not a specific treatment for cancer, palliative care focuses on managing symptoms and improving the quality of life for individuals with advanced cancer.
It's essential for individuals with metastatic cancer to consult with their healthcare team to understand their treatment options, potential benefits, and risks associated with each approach. Treatment decisions should be tailored to the patient's specific medical condition, preferences, and goals.