A transperineal prostate biopsy is a procedure used to obtain tissue samples from the prostate gland for diagnostic purposes, usually to investigate suspected prostate cancer. Unlike a transrectal biopsy, which is more common, the transperineal approach involves accessing the prostate through the skin between the scrotum and the anus (perineum).
When performing a transperineal biopsy, healthcare professionals typically use imaging guidance, such as ultrasound, to accurately target specific areas of the prostate. The procedure is often done under local or general anesthesia to minimize discomfort and ensure patient safety.
Compared to a transrectal biopsy, the transperineal approach has some advantages:
Lower risk of infection: Since the needle does not pass through the rectal wall, there is a reduced risk of bacteria from the rectum contaminating the prostate.
Better access to the anterior (front) part of the prostate: The transperineal approach allows better access to the front part of the prostate, which can be challenging to target with a transrectal biopsy.
Reduced risk of complications: Some studies suggest that the transperineal approach may be associated with lower rates of infection and sepsis compared to transrectal biopsies.
However, it's essential to recognize that every medical procedure carries some inherent risks, even if they are minimal. Possible risks and complications of a transperineal prostate biopsy can include bleeding, infection, discomfort, and, rarely, damage to nearby structures.
Patients should discuss the procedure's benefits, risks, and alternatives with their healthcare providers before undergoing a transperineal biopsy or any medical procedure. The decision to perform a specific biopsy approach is based on the patient's individual case, medical history, and the expertise of the healthcare team.
Remember, if you have any concerns or questions about a medical procedure like a prostate biopsy, it is best to consult a qualified healthcare professional who can provide personalized advice based on your unique situation.