The treatment of bladder stones typically depends on their size, location, and the patient's overall health condition. The main goals of treatment are to remove the bladder stones and prevent their recurrence. Here are some common methods for treating bladder stones:
Medication: In some cases, smaller bladder stones can be dissolved using medications. These medications are typically prescribed when the stones are made up of certain types of minerals that can be broken down with drugs. This approach is more commonly used for uric acid stones.
Cystolitholapaxy: This is a minimally invasive procedure used to crush or break the bladder stones into smaller fragments using a special instrument called a cystoscope. The cystoscope is inserted into the bladder through the urethra, and the stones are then fragmented and flushed out through the urinary tract. Cystolitholapaxy is usually performed under general anesthesia.
Laser Lithotripsy: In cases where cystolitholapaxy is not suitable, laser lithotripsy may be used. This procedure involves using a laser to break up the stones into smaller pieces, which can then be removed through the cystoscope.
Surgery (Open or Laparoscopic): In some instances, particularly when the bladder stones are large or numerous, open or laparoscopic surgery may be required. During open surgery, a surgical incision is made in the lower abdomen to access the bladder and remove the stones. Laparoscopic surgery involves making several small incisions through which a camera and surgical tools are inserted to remove the stones.
Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors (TURBT): If the bladder stones are associated with bladder tumors, TURBT may be performed. This procedure involves removing both the tumors and the stones through a cystoscope.
Prevention: After treatment, measures are taken to prevent the recurrence of bladder stones. This may include lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and, in some cases, long-term use of medications to manage certain medical conditions that contribute to stone formation.
It is essential to consult a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and personalized treatment recommendations based on the specific situation and individual needs.