The severest form of depression is typically referred to as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression or major depression. MDD is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable.
The symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder are more intense and prolonged compared to the normal ups and downs that most people experience. To be diagnosed with MDD, a person must experience symptoms nearly every day for at least two weeks. These symptoms may include:
- Depressed mood: Feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness.
- Anhedonia: Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed.
- Changes in appetite or weight: Significant weight loss or gain.
- Sleep disturbances: Insomnia or excessive sleeping.
- Fatigue or loss of energy.
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt.
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions.
- Thoughts of death or suicide.
Major Depressive Disorder can significantly impact a person's ability to function in their daily life and can lead to severe emotional and physical distress. It is crucial for individuals experiencing such symptoms to seek professional help from a mental health practitioner. Treatment options for MDD may include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, depending on the severity and individual needs of the patient.