Recognizing the onset of a manic episode can be challenging, but there are some common signs and symptoms to watch for. It's important to note that the experience of mania can vary from person to person, and not everyone with bipolar disorder will have the same set of symptoms. Here are some typical signs of mania:
Elevated Mood: Mania is characterized by an abnormally high or euphoric mood. People may feel extremely happy, excited, or "on top of the world."
Increased Energy and Activity: During a manic episode, individuals may experience a significant increase in energy levels. They may engage in multiple activities simultaneously, have trouble sitting still, and feel the urge to keep moving.
Decreased Need for Sleep: A common feature of mania is a reduced need for sleep. People may feel rested with only a few hours of sleep, or they may experience days without sleep.
Racing Thoughts and Rapid Speech: Manic individuals often have racing thoughts and find it challenging to concentrate on one thing. They may also talk rapidly, jump from one topic to another, and have difficulty following a conversation.
Grandiosity: A sense of grandiosity or inflated self-esteem is prevalent in manic episodes. Individuals may believe they possess special powers, have extraordinary abilities, or are invincible.
Risky Behavior: Manic individuals may engage in impulsive and risky behaviors without considering potential consequences. These behaviors can include excessive spending, reckless driving, substance abuse, and promiscuity.
Irritability: While euphoria is a common feature, some individuals may experience irritability or agitation during a manic episode.
Decreased Judgment: Mania can impair judgment, leading to poor decision-making and risky choices.
The duration of a manic episode can vary. In bipolar I disorder, a manic episode typically lasts for at least one week. However, the symptoms can be so severe that immediate hospitalization may be required to ensure the person's safety. In some cases, a manic episode can last for several weeks or even longer if left untreated.
In bipolar II disorder, the manic episodes are milder, referred to as hypomanic episodes. Hypomania generally lasts for at least four consecutive days.
It is essential to remember that experiencing a manic episode is distressing for the individual and can have significant impacts on their life and relationships. It is crucial for individuals with bipolar disorder to receive appropriate treatment and support to manage their symptoms effectively and avoid potential harm during manic episodes. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of mania or bipolar disorder, it's essential to seek professional help from a mental health provider.