the diagnosis of bipolar disorder typically requires the presence of at least one episode of mania or hypomania in addition to depressive episodes. Bipolar disorder is characterized by distinct mood episodes, which include:
Depressive episodes: Symptoms of depression, such as feeling sad, hopeless, low energy, changes in sleep and appetite, and thoughts of suicide or death.
Manic episodes: Periods of intense elevated mood, excessive energy, increased talkativeness, inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, impulsivity, and sometimes risky behavior. Manic episodes can significantly impact a person's life and functioning.
Hypomanic episodes: Similar to manic episodes but with less severe symptoms. Hypomania does not cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning.
In some cases, individuals may be initially diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) because they have not yet experienced a manic or hypomanic episode. However, if they later go on to experience a manic or hypomanic episode, the diagnosis may change to bipolar disorder.
It's crucial to remember that mental health conditions can be complex and can vary from person to person. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety or any mental health concerns, it's essential to seek professional help from a mental health provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan. Early intervention and support can significantly improve outcomes and overall well-being.