The experience of feeling good during a manic state and then feeling worse during the depressive state is related to the nature of bipolar disorder and the brain's neurochemistry.
Manic State: During a manic state, individuals often experience heightened energy, euphoria, increased confidence, and a reduced need for sleep. This elevated mood can lead to a sense of invincibility and an increase in goal-directed activity. The brain's reward system, particularly involving neurotransmitters like dopamine, is highly active during manic episodes, reinforcing the pleasurable feelings associated with the elevated mood and behavior.
Depressive State: On the other hand, during the depressive state, individuals may experience feelings of sadness, hopelessness, fatigue, and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. The brain's reward system is not as active during depressive episodes, leading to a lack of pleasure and motivation. Neurotransmitters like serotonin, which play a role in mood regulation, are often imbalanced during depressive episodes, contributing to the negative emotions.
Why Mania Feels Good: During mania, the brain is flooded with pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters like dopamine, which create the intense feelings of euphoria and energy. This can lead to a sense of excitement, creativity, and a feeling of being "on top of the world." The experience can be so enjoyable that some individuals with bipolar disorder may even resist treatment during manic episodes because they do not want to lose this state of euphoria.
Why Depression Feels Worse: When the manic episode subsides, the brain's reward system returns to a more balanced state, and the heightened levels of pleasurable neurotransmitters decrease. This can lead to a crash in mood and energy, which is often experienced as a deep sense of emptiness, sadness, and despair. Additionally, the lack of motivation and energy during depressive episodes can make it challenging to engage in activities that once brought joy, further exacerbating the feelings of despair.
It's essential to recognize that while mania may feel good initially, it can also lead to reckless behaviors and negative consequences, which can impact one's life and relationships. The depressive state, though difficult to bear, is a critical part of the bipolar cycle, and getting appropriate treatment is crucial to managing bipolar disorder effectively and leading a stable life. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of bipolar disorder, it is important to seek help from a mental health professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.