In bipolar I disorder, individuals experience episodes of mania, which are periods of elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsivity, often lasting at least one week. In bipolar II disorder, the individual experiences episodes of hypomania, which are similar to mania but less severe, and depressive episodes.
It is possible for some individuals to experience mania with predominantly negative emotions, sometimes referred to as "dysphoric mania" or "mixed mania." This can involve feelings of irritability, agitation, and anxiety alongside the typical symptoms of mania. Dysphoric mania can be more challenging to recognize and may be mistaken for other conditions like major depressive disorder or generalized anxiety disorder.
Regarding the second part of your question, bipolar manias can indeed be limited to a single theme or trigger. This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as a "mood-congruent" or "mood-incongruent" presentation. A mood-congruent presentation means that the content of the manic episode aligns with the overall mood, so it may involve feelings of grandiosity, euphoria, or increased self-esteem. A mood-incongruent presentation means that the content of the manic episode does not align with the overall mood, so it may involve feelings of irritability, anxiety, or agitation, despite being in a manic state.
However, it is essential to remember that diagnosing and understanding mental health conditions should be left to qualified healthcare professionals. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms that may be related to bipolar disorder or any other mental health condition, it is crucial to seek a proper evaluation and guidance from a licensed mental health provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Mental health is complex and varies from person to person, so it is essential to receive personalized care and support.