Bipolar disorder consists of different subtypes, and the type that includes episodes of mania is known as "Bipolar I Disorder."
Bipolar I Disorder is characterized by the presence of at least one manic episode. A manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased goal-directed activity or energy that lasts for at least one week (or less if hospitalization is necessary). During this period, individuals may experience symptoms such as inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, increased talkativeness, impulsivity, and engaging in risky behaviors without recognizing the consequences.
In some cases, individuals with Bipolar I Disorder may also experience depressive episodes, known as "Major Depressive Episodes," which are periods of intense sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite or sleep, feelings of worthlessness, and thoughts of death or suicide. The presence of both manic and depressive episodes in Bipolar I Disorder is what distinguishes it from other types of bipolar and mood disorders.
There is also "Bipolar II Disorder," which involves episodes of depression and hypomania but not full-blown manic episodes. Hypomania is a milder form of mania that doesn't usually lead to severe impairment or require hospitalization.
It's essential to consult a qualified mental health professional for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan if you suspect you or someone you know may be experiencing symptoms of bipolar disorder.