In the context of personality psychology, a type, such as ENTJ, refers to a specific personality type as defined by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The MBTI is a widely used personality assessment tool based on Carl Jung's theory of psychological types. It categorizes individuals into 16 different personality types, each represented by a combination of four dichotomous preferences:
Extraversion (E) - Introversion (I): How individuals gain energy and focus their attention. Extraverts tend to be outgoing and energized by interacting with others, while introverts tend to be more reserved and replenish their energy through solitude.
Sensing (S) - Intuition (N): How individuals prefer to gather information. Sensors tend to rely on their five senses and focus on concrete, practical details, while intuitive types prefer to see patterns and possibilities beyond the immediate sensory data.
Thinking (T) - Feeling (F): How individuals make decisions and evaluate information. Thinkers tend to prioritize logic and objective analysis, while feelers prioritize empathy and consideration of others' feelings.
Judging (J) - Perceiving (P): How individuals prefer to deal with the outside world. Judgers tend to be structured, organized, and prefer clear plans, while perceivers prefer flexibility and adaptability.
ENTJ specifically refers to a type with the following preferences:
- Extraversion (E): Energized by interaction with the outer world.
- Intuition (N): Focused on patterns, possibilities, and future possibilities.
- Thinking (T): Decisions are based primarily on objective logic and analysis.
- Judging (J): Prefers structure and organization in dealing with the outside world.
Regarding your second question, a personality type in the MBTI model is defined by one preference from each dichotomy, so it cannot have two dominant functions, one being extroverted and the other introverted. For example, an ENTJ's dominant function is extraverted thinking (Te), and its auxiliary function is introverted intuition (Ni). These two functions work together to shape an individual's cognitive processes and behaviors. The dominant function plays a primary role in shaping a person's personality, while the auxiliary function supports and complements it.