Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically categorized into three main types, also known as presentations. These presentations are based on the predominant symptoms an individual exhibits. The three types of ADHD are:
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation (ADHD-PI): This type is characterized mainly by inattention symptoms. People with ADHD-PI may have difficulty sustaining attention, staying organized, following through on tasks, and often appear forgetful or careless. Hyperactive and impulsive behaviors are typically less pronounced in this presentation.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation (ADHD-HI): This type is characterized mainly by hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. Individuals with ADHD-HI may fidget, interrupt others, act impulsively without thinking of the consequences, and have difficulty remaining seated or quiet when expected to do so. Inattentive symptoms are usually less prominent in this presentation.
Combined Presentation (ADHD-C): This type includes a combination of both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. People with ADHD-C experience a range of symptoms from both categories, including difficulties with attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
It's important to note that ADHD is a complex and diverse disorder, and symptoms can manifest differently in different individuals. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), is the primary resource used by healthcare professionals to diagnose ADHD, and it provides specific criteria for each presentation.
If you suspect that you or someone you know may have ADHD, it's essential to seek an evaluation from a qualified healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist or a psychologist, who can make an accurate diagnosis and develop a suitable treatment plan. Proper diagnosis and treatment can lead to better management of symptoms and improved quality of life.