Episodes that resemble hypomania but only last a few hours are not considered typical or normal. Hypomanic episodes are typically characterized by a distinct period of elevated or irritable mood and increased energy that lasts for at least four consecutive days in a row for most of the day.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which is a widely used manual for diagnosing mental health conditions, sets the criteria for hypomanic episodes in the context of bipolar disorders. To meet the criteria for a hypomanic episode, the elevated or irritable mood must be accompanied by at least three of the following symptoms (four if the mood is only irritable):
- Increased self-esteem or grandiosity.
- Decreased need for sleep.
- Talkativeness or pressure to keep talking.
- Racing thoughts or flight of ideas.
- Distractibility.
- Increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation.
- Involvement in activities that have a high potential for negative consequences (e.g., excessive spending, risky sexual behavior, or reckless driving).
If someone experiences mood swings or brief episodes of symptoms resembling hypomania that last only a few hours, this might be indicative of other conditions or factors rather than a true hypomanic episode. For example, it could be related to fluctuations in blood sugar levels, sleep disturbances, stress, or other medical or psychological issues.
It's essential to consult a qualified mental health professional if you or someone you know is experiencing such episodes to get a proper evaluation and accurate diagnosis. They can help identify the underlying cause and provide appropriate treatment or management strategies. If these episodes are causing significant distress or impairment in daily functioning, seeking professional help is especially important.