Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is relatively common among teenagers, although the exact prevalence can vary depending on the population being studied and the diagnostic criteria used. On average, it is estimated that around 5% to 10% of teenagers are diagnosed with ADHD.
Symptoms of ADHD in teenagers can be categorized into two main types: inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. It's important to note that not all teenagers with ADHD will display all of these symptoms, and the severity can vary among individuals.
Inattention symptoms:
- Difficulty sustaining attention on tasks or activities, especially those that are less interesting or repetitive.
- Struggles to follow through on instructions and complete schoolwork or chores.
- Frequently makes careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities.
- Appears to not listen when spoken to directly.
- Difficulty organizing tasks and belongings.
- Avoids or dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort.
- Frequently loses items necessary for tasks or activities.
- Easily distracted by external stimuli.
- Forgetful in daily activities.
Hyperactivity/Impulsivity symptoms:
- Fidgeting or tapping hands or feet.
- Unable to stay seated in situations where sitting is expected.
- Runs or climbs in inappropriate situations.
- Difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly.
- Talks excessively.
- Blurts out answers before questions have been completed.
- Struggles to wait for their turn in conversations or activities.
- Interrupts or intrudes on others' conversations or activities.
Teenagers with ADHD may also experience difficulties in other areas, such as time management, organization, emotional regulation, and social interactions. These challenges can have an impact on their academic performance, relationships, and overall well-being.
It's essential to recognize that some symptoms of ADHD can overlap with normal teenage behavior or be mistaken for other issues. A comprehensive evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional or mental health specialist is necessary to determine if a teenager meets the criteria for an ADHD diagnosis. This evaluation typically includes gathering information from the teenager, their parents or caregivers, and teachers or other adults who know the teenager well.
Early identification and appropriate support can be vital in helping teenagers with ADHD manage their symptoms effectively and succeed in various areas of their lives. Interventions may include behavioral therapies, educational accommodations, and, in some cases, medication.