Sociopathy and psychopathy are terms that are often used interchangeably and are both considered to be part of the broader category of Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD). People with ASPD can display a lack of empathy, a disregard for social norms and the rights of others, and a failure to conform to lawful behaviors. While some researchers and experts use these terms differently, there is no universally agreed-upon distinction between sociopathy and psychopathy.
Individuals with ASPD, including sociopaths and psychopaths, may have difficulty understanding and experiencing certain emotions, including guilt and shame. They tend to have deficits in their emotional processing, particularly when it comes to emotions that involve concern for others or remorse for their own actions.
Guilt: Guilt is a feeling of responsibility or remorse for having done something wrong or harmful to others. Individuals with ASPD may experience very little or no guilt for their harmful actions. They often rationalize and justify their behavior and have little concern for the impact their actions have on others.
Shame: Shame is an intense feeling of embarrassment or humiliation, often related to a perception of being defective or unworthy. While individuals with ASPD may not experience shame in the same way as others, they can still be sensitive to social consequences. They may feel shame when caught in a socially unacceptable act, but this is often more about the negative attention they receive rather than true remorse.
It's essential to note that the emotional experience of individuals with ASPD can vary widely. Some may have a better understanding of emotions and may even use that understanding to manipulate others, while others may seem entirely detached from emotional experiences.
It is crucial to approach the topic with sensitivity and avoid making sweeping generalizations about individuals with ASPD. The disorder is complex, and there is significant variability in the traits and behaviors exhibited by those who have it. If you suspect someone you know might have ASPD or related issues, it's best to seek advice from mental health professionals who can conduct proper assessments and provide appropriate guidance.