Yes, it is possible for children to show preferences for one of their siblings over another based solely on their birth order (older vs. younger) or other factors without knowing them personally. This phenomenon is often referred to as "birth order bias" or "birth order effect." Several factors contribute to why such preferences may exist:
Parental Attention: Older siblings often receive more undivided attention from parents before younger siblings are born. This extra attention may lead to a closer bond with the older child, and the younger child might feel overshadowed or less valued.
Role Model Effect: Older siblings can serve as role models and mentors for younger ones. Children might admire and prefer their older siblings based on the qualities or achievements they witness in them.
Novelty Factor: Younger siblings might be seen as "newer" and more exciting, particularly if there is a significant age gap. This novelty can make younger siblings seem more interesting or appealing.
Responsibility and Protection: Older siblings often take on protective roles, and younger siblings might appreciate and favor them for their sense of security and guidance.
Jealousy and Rivalry: Sibling rivalry is common, and it can sometimes lead to children preferring one sibling over another as a way to compete for parental attention or favor.
Personality and Compatibility: Even without knowing each other personally, children might be naturally drawn to personalities or temperaments that they believe would complement or resonate with theirs.
Parental Influence: Parental attitudes and perceptions about birth order can inadvertently shape how children view their siblings. If parents reinforce certain stereotypes or expectations related to birth order, children may internalize and act upon them.
It's important to note that these preferences are not absolute, and individual relationships can vary significantly within families. Personal connections and shared experiences play a more substantial role in sibling dynamics as children grow older and spend more time together.
Parents and caregivers can help foster positive sibling relationships by promoting mutual respect, open communication, and opportunities for shared experiences. Encouraging siblings to appreciate each other's unique qualities can also help mitigate any potential birth order bias and support the development of healthy and supportive sibling bonds.