Question

At what point is someone an alcoholic?

Answer 1

The term "alcoholic" is often used colloquially to describe someone who has a significant and problematic relationship with alcohol. However, in a medical and clinical context, the diagnosis of alcoholism or alcohol use disorder (AUD) is based on criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which is published by the American Psychiatric Association.

According to the DSM-5, someone may be diagnosed with alcohol use disorder if they meet at least two of the following criteria within a 12-month period:

1. Drinking more or for a longer period than intended.
2. Unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use.
3. Spending a lot of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of alcohol.
4. Craving or a strong desire to use alcohol.
5. Failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home due to alcohol use.
6. Continued alcohol use despite causing or worsening social or interpersonal problems.
7. Giving up or reducing important social, occupational, or recreational activities due to alcohol use.
8. Recurrent alcohol use in physically hazardous situations.
9. Continued alcohol use despite knowing it causes or exacerbates physical or psychological problems.
10. Tolerance, indicated by needing more alcohol to achieve the desired effect or experiencing diminished effects with the same amount.
11. Withdrawal symptoms or using alcohol to avoid withdrawal.

The severity of alcohol use disorder is classified as mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the number of criteria met:

• 2 to 3 criteria: Mild AUD
• 4 to 5 criteria: Moderate AUD
• 6 or more criteria: Severe AUD

It's important to note that alcohol use disorder is a medical condition, and individuals struggling with alcohol use should seek help from healthcare professionals or addiction specialists. The use of the term "alcoholic" can carry stigma and oversimplify the complexity of alcohol use disorders, so it's best to use clinically appropriate language when discussing these issues. Treatment and support are available for individuals seeking to address their relationship with alcohol and improve their overall well-being.