In Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), there isn't a single, unified personality that is always in control. Instead, the condition is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identity states or personality states, often referred to as "alters" or "alternate identities."
These different identity states have their own unique traits, thoughts, emotions, memories, and behaviors. When an alter is "in control," it means they are the one influencing the individual's thoughts, actions, and behavior at that particular moment. This process is known as switching.
The switch between different alters can be sudden and can happen involuntarily, triggered by various factors such as stress, trauma, or specific triggers related to each alter's experiences. The switching can also be triggered by internal factors within the individual, depending on their coping mechanisms and the function of each alter.
It's important to understand that the switching process is a way the mind copes with overwhelming experiences, especially during periods of trauma, by compartmentalizing the individual's experiences and emotions into distinct identity states. Each alter serves a unique purpose and may have its own way of handling and managing difficult emotions or memories.
In DID, the host identity (the core identity that is originally associated with the individual's birth name) might not always be in control or aware of the other alters' existence. The host identity may be unaware of significant periods of time during which another alter is "out" and in control of the individual's actions.
Managing and integrating the various alters is a complex process and typically requires the help of mental health professionals with experience in working with dissociative disorders. Treatment for DID often involves therapy aimed at building communication between alters, working through past traumas, and ultimately promoting cooperation and integration among the different identity states to improve the individual's overall well-being.