The concept of "split personalities" is more commonly associated with the outdated term "Multiple Personality Disorder" (MPD), which has since been renamed Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition). Dissociative Identity Disorder is a complex and rare condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities within an individual.
The number of alters or distinct personality states that a person with DID may have can vary widely. Some individuals may have just a few, while others may have many. Case reports and studies have documented individuals with DID having anywhere from a few to hundreds of alters. However, it is important to note that cases with an exceedingly high number of alters are relatively rare.
The development of alters in DID is believed to be a coping mechanism that arises from severe childhood trauma or abuse, allowing the person to compartmentalize and dissociate from the traumatic experiences. Each alter may have its own unique traits, memories, emotions, and ways of interacting with the world.
Due to the rarity and complexity of DID, diagnosing and treating the disorder require specialized knowledge and experience. Mental health professionals with expertise in trauma and dissociation are essential in providing appropriate support and therapeutic interventions for individuals with DID. Additionally, a comprehensive and compassionate treatment approach is crucial in helping individuals with DID integrate their alters, heal from past traumas, and improve their overall well-being.