In the context of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), which is the modern term for what was previously referred to as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD), there is a distinction between a core personality and a fragment personality. DID is a complex mental health condition characterized by the presence of multiple distinct identities or personality states within an individual, each with its own way of perceiving, relating, and behaving.
Core Personality: The core personality, also known as the host identity, is the original identity that initially developed in response to early life experiences and trauma. This is the person's primary or birth identity, which usually holds the birth name and a sense of overall continuity in the individual's life. The core personality may or may not be aware of the existence of other identities or personality states within them. It often has gaps in memory regarding the actions or experiences of other personalities.
Fragment Personality: A fragment personality is a term used to describe a partial or incomplete identity that forms due to dissociation during traumatic events. When a person experiences severe trauma, their consciousness may dissociate or split off into separate identities as a coping mechanism to deal with the overwhelming emotions or pain. These fragmented parts may represent specific emotions, memories, or reactions associated with the traumatic experience. They may have their own names, ages, gender identities, beliefs, and unique characteristics.
Fragment personalities can vary significantly in terms of age, abilities, knowledge, and emotional responses. They might not have a complete sense of self and may feel disconnected from the core personality or other fragments. In some cases, fragment personalities can remain dormant for long periods and emerge in response to specific triggers or stressors.
It's essential to note that the terminology used to describe these aspects of DID can vary among mental health professionals and researchers. Additionally, the understanding and treatment of DID have evolved over the years, and there is ongoing research to better comprehend the condition and how best to support individuals living with it.