Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously known as multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identity states or personalities within an individual. These different identities are commonly referred to as "alters." Integration in the context of DID refers to the process by which these alters become more aware of each other, communicate, and potentially merge to form a more cohesive and integrated sense of self.
It's essential to understand that DID is a highly controversial and debated condition in the field of psychology. Some experts believe it is a valid disorder resulting from severe trauma, while others argue that it may be iatrogenic, meaning it can be unintentionally caused or reinforced by therapists during treatment.
When alters communicate with each other, it usually happens through a range of mechanisms, including:
Co-consciousness: This refers to the state where more than one alter is aware of what is happening or being experienced. In some cases, the alters can co-front, meaning they share control of the individual's body and interact with the outside world simultaneously.
Internal communication: Alters may communicate with each other internally, often through thoughts, feelings, or mental imagery. This communication can be explicit (verbal) or implicit (non-verbal).
Journals or notes: Some individuals with DID maintain journals or write notes as a means of communication between alters. One alter may write something, and another alter can read and respond to it.
Direct communication during therapy: When individuals with DID undergo therapy, therapists may encourage and facilitate direct communication between alters during sessions. This can help to foster understanding, cooperation, and eventual integration.
Inner-world meetings: Some individuals with DID describe having an "inner world" where alters may have a designated meeting place to interact and communicate with each other.
It's important to note that communication between alters can vary significantly from one person with DID to another. Additionally, some individuals with DID may experience amnesia barriers, which can make it challenging for alters to communicate with each other or be aware of each other's existence.
Treatment for DID often involves a combination of therapeutic approaches, including psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy. The primary goal is to help the individual integrate their identity states, work through past traumas, and develop healthier coping mechanisms. Integration is not always the end goal, as some individuals may find coping strategies that allow them to lead functional lives with their different identity states coexisting.