Speaking in the third person, also known as "illeism," is the act of referring to oneself using one's name or a pronoun like "he," "she," or "they," rather than using the first-person pronoun "I." This behavior can be observed in various contexts, including everyday conversations, storytelling, and even in self-talk or self-reflection. The psychology behind speaking in third person can be multifaceted and may include the following aspects:
Emotional regulation: Research has shown that speaking in third person can help individuals gain emotional distance from a situation. By referring to themselves in the third person, people may detach themselves from their emotions and view the situation more objectively. This self-distancing technique is thought to reduce the intensity of negative emotions and promote better emotional regulation.
Self-perspective: Using the third person can also provide individuals with an alternative perspective on themselves. When speaking about oneself in the third person, it's as if they are talking about someone else. This shift in perspective may lead to a deeper understanding of one's actions, behaviors, and motivations.
Cognitive processing: Speaking in third person might facilitate cognitive processing and problem-solving. By externalizing their thoughts, individuals may find it easier to organize and analyze complex information, leading to improved decision-making and problem-solving abilities.
Self-identity and self-affirmation: Some individuals may use third-person self-talk as a way to reinforce positive self-identity and self-affirmations. Referring to oneself in the third person can create a sense of self-distinction and importance, boosting self-esteem and confidence.
Social context and cultural influences: The use of third-person self-talk can also be influenced by cultural norms and societal practices. In some cultures, speaking in the third person may be a way of displaying humility or respect. Additionally, exposure to third-person speech in media and storytelling might also contribute to its adoption as a communication style.
Coping mechanism: During stressful or challenging situations, people might use third-person self-talk as a coping mechanism. This form of self-communication can provide a sense of support, similar to receiving advice from a friend or counselor.
It's essential to note that the use of third-person self-talk can vary widely among individuals and may have different psychological motivations depending on the context and personal experiences. While it can offer some benefits, it is not a universal approach, and not everyone engages in this behavior. As with any psychological phenomenon, the reasons behind speaking in third person can be complex and may require further research for a comprehensive understanding.