The behavior you described, where someone eats a small amount of food and then induces vomiting to prevent weight gain, is a form of disordered eating known as "purging disorder." Purging disorder is considered a subcategory of eating disorders, distinct from bulimia nervosa.
In bulimia nervosa, individuals typically engage in recurrent episodes of binge eating, which involves consuming a large amount of food in a discrete period, followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. Purging is one of the common compensatory behaviors in bulimia, alongside behaviors like self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise.
On the other hand, in purging disorder, there are no episodes of binge eating. Instead, the individual engages in purging behaviors after eating small amounts of food, often fewer calories than what would be considered a typical meal.
It's important to note that both bulimia nervosa and purging disorder are serious eating disorders and can have severe physical and psychological consequences. Purging behaviors can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, damage to the digestive system, dental problems, and more. Additionally, these behaviors can take a significant toll on a person's mental and emotional well-being.
If you or someone you know is struggling with purging behaviors or any form of disordered eating, it is essential to seek help from healthcare professionals specializing in eating disorders. Early intervention and appropriate treatment can make a significant difference in the recovery process.