The use of "umm" (or "um," "uh," "er," etc.) is known as a filler word or hesitation marker. People say "umm" in conversation when they are pausing to think, gather their thoughts, or formulate their response. It is a common speech habit that serves as a brief pause or a way to hold the floor while the speaker organizes their ideas before continuing with their statement.
There are several reasons why people use filler words like "umm":
Cognitive processing: When we speak, our brains are constantly processing information and constructing sentences. Filler words give us a moment to catch up mentally, especially when we are formulating complex or new thoughts.
Avoiding silence: Silence can be uncomfortable in conversations, and people may use "umm" to fill the gaps and keep the conversation flowing.
Social cues: In some cultures or social settings, using filler words can be considered polite and respectful, indicating that you are actively engaged in the conversation and not interrupting.
Reducing pressure: When speaking in public or in high-pressure situations, people may rely on filler words as a way to alleviate nervousness or anxiety.
Habitual use: Using filler words can become a habit for some individuals, and they might not even be fully aware of their frequency of use.
It's important to note that while using "umm" occasionally is natural and generally accepted in casual conversations, excessive use of filler words can detract from the clarity and effectiveness of communication. Public speakers and individuals looking to improve their communication skills often work on reducing the frequency of filler words to enhance the overall fluency and impact of their speech.