the term "split personality" is not used in modern psychology. However, I believe you are referring to a condition previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD), which is now called Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID).
DID is a complex and controversial psychiatric condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states that control an individual's behavior, thoughts, and emotions. These different personality states are referred to as "alters." People with DID may experience memory gaps and have difficulty recalling significant personal information.
While there is an association between traumatic events and the development of DID, it's essential to understand that the causality is not as straightforward as traumatic event → DID. Trauma is often considered a significant factor, but not everyone who experiences trauma will develop DID.
The development of DID is believed to be a response to severe and repeated trauma, especially during childhood, when the brain is still developing. Trauma, particularly early childhood abuse, neglect, or other adverse experiences, can lead to dissociation as a coping mechanism. Dissociation involves a disconnection between thoughts, identity, consciousness, and memory, which may result in the creation of different personality states (alters) as a way to cope with the overwhelming experiences.
It's important to note that DID is a relatively rare condition, and it is a subject of ongoing research and debate in the mental health community. The diagnosis of DID requires careful evaluation by mental health professionals, and treatment often involves long-term therapy to help individuals integrate their different personality states and cope with their traumatic experiences effectively.
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms related to dissociation or any mental health concerns, it is crucial to seek professional help from a qualified mental health provider. They can provide a proper evaluation and appropriate support or treatment.