When someone says that another person "doesn't have the goods," it means that they believe the person lacks the necessary qualities, skills, or attributes required for a particular task, role, or situation. It suggests that the person is not capable or competent enough to meet the requirements or expectations of a specific job, challenge, or objective.
This phrase is often used informally to express skepticism or doubt about someone's abilities or suitability for a given situation. It can be applied in various contexts, such as in the workplace, sports, relationships, or any situation where someone's performance or suitability is being evaluated.