When people talk about gender and gender identity being two different things, they are usually referring to the distinction between biological sex (assigned at birth based on physical characteristics) and gender identity (one's internal sense of their own gender). This concept is often discussed in the context of understanding and respecting the diversity of human experiences related to gender.
Here's a breakdown of the two terms:
Biological Sex: Biological sex refers to the physical and physiological characteristics typically associated with being male or female. It includes factors such as reproductive organs, chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males, although there are variations), hormone levels, and secondary sex characteristics like facial hair, breast development, and body shape. In most cases, babies are assigned a sex at birth based on external genitalia, which is referred to as male or female.
Gender Identity: Gender identity, on the other hand, is an individual's deeply-held sense of their own gender. It is not necessarily tied to their biological sex. For most people, their gender identity aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth, and they identify as either male or female. However, some individuals may identify as a different gender than the one they were assigned at birth. For example, transgender individuals may have a gender identity that does not match their assigned sex. Other non-binary, genderqueer, or genderfluid individuals may identify outside the traditional male/female binary altogether.
The understanding that gender and gender identity are distinct acknowledges that the experience of gender is complex and multifaceted. It highlights that not everyone's gender identity corresponds to the sex they were assigned at birth, and that gender exists on a spectrum.
It's important to respect and validate each person's self-identified gender, as it is an essential aspect of their identity. Acknowledging and supporting diverse gender identities helps promote inclusivity and fosters a more accepting and understanding society.