The practice of conversion therapy, also known as "reparative therapy" or "sexual orientation change efforts," is scientifically discredited for several reasons:
Lack of scientific evidence: Despite claims made by proponents of conversion therapy, there is no credible scientific evidence to support the idea that sexual orientation can be changed through therapeutic interventions. Major medical and mental health organizations, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, and the World Health Organization, have all issued statements condemning conversion therapy and stating that there is no scientific basis for its efficacy.
Potential harm and risk: Conversion therapy has been associated with a range of harmful outcomes, including increased rates of depression, anxiety, self-harm, and suicidal ideation among individuals subjected to these interventions. These practices can lead to significant emotional distress and mental health issues for those who undergo them.
Violation of professional ethics: Leading mental health organizations, including the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association, have ethical guidelines explicitly condemning the use of conversion therapy. These organizations emphasize the importance of providing affirmative and supportive care to LGBTQ+ individuals and promoting their mental well-being.
Understanding sexual orientation as a natural variation: Scientific research has consistently shown that sexual orientation is a complex interplay of biological, genetic, hormonal, environmental, and social factors. Sexual orientation, whether heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual, is a natural and inherent aspect of human diversity and not something that can be changed through therapeutic interventions.
Legal and societal concerns: Due to the potential harm associated with conversion therapy, many countries and states have taken steps to ban or restrict the practice. These legal actions reflect the growing recognition that conversion therapy is not only scientifically unsupported but also poses a significant risk to the well-being of LGBTQ+ individuals.
In summary, the practice of conversion therapy is scientifically discredited because it lacks evidence of efficacy, poses potential harm to individuals subjected to it, violates professional ethics, and disregards the understanding of sexual orientation as a natural variation of human diversity. Mental health professionals and organizations widely reject conversion therapy and advocate for affirming and supportive approaches to help LGBTQ+ individuals embrace their identities and live healthy and fulfilling lives.