Psychopathy and sociopathy are terms that have been used interchangeably in the past, but they are not officially recognized as distinct clinical diagnoses in the field of psychology or psychiatry. Both terms refer to individuals who exhibit behaviors characterized by a lack of empathy, disregard for the rights of others, and manipulative tendencies. These traits are associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD).
However, it's essential to understand that the concept of psychopathy or sociopathy is more complex than just a checklist of traits. The traits associated with ASPD can exist on a spectrum, and not everyone who exhibits some of these traits necessarily has a diagnosable personality disorder.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published by the American Psychiatric Association recognizes Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) as a clinical diagnosis, characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Psychopathy and sociopathy, as separate diagnoses, are not included in the DSM-5.
Psychopathy is more often associated with traits such as a lack of remorse, superficial charm, and emotional shallowness, while sociopathy may focus on the impact of an individual's environment and upbringing on their behavior.
If you are concerned about fitting some of the traits associated with ASPD or are worried about your behavior, it's essential to seek help from a qualified mental health professional. They can provide a comprehensive evaluation and help you understand your experiences and emotions better. Self-diagnosis based on general information or internet sources can be misleading and may lead to unnecessary fear or anxiety.
Remember that mental health professionals are there to assist and support you. Seeking help does not mean you are a "bad" person; it shows that you care about your well-being and want to make positive changes in your life.