I can provide you with information on the differences between a covert narcissist and a malignant narcissist based on psychological literature and research.
Covert Narcissist:
Presentation: A covert narcissist is characterized by a more subtle and less overt display of narcissistic traits compared to other types of narcissists. They may appear shy, introverted, or even self-effacing, which can make their narcissism less noticeable initially.
Grandiosity: Covert narcissists still have a sense of entitlement and superiority, but they often mask these feelings behind a facade of humility or victimhood.
Manipulation: They are skilled at manipulating others and gaining sympathy, often portraying themselves as victims to elicit empathy and support.
Empathy: Covert narcissists may appear more empathetic or sensitive compared to other narcissistic subtypes, but their empathy is often superficial and self-serving.
Self-esteem: Despite their outward appearance of humility, covert narcissists have fragile self-esteem and are highly sensitive to criticism or rejection.
Relationships: They tend to have difficulty forming genuine, intimate connections and may use emotional manipulation to maintain control over others.
Malignant Narcissist:
Aggression and Hostility: Malignant narcissists exhibit more aggressive and hostile behaviors than other narcissistic subtypes. They may openly display arrogance, cruelty, and a disregard for others' feelings.
Sadism: Malignant narcissists may take pleasure in causing harm to others, either emotionally or physically. They may exhibit sadistic tendencies, deriving satisfaction from the suffering of others.
Grandiosity: Malignant narcissists have an extreme and exaggerated sense of self-importance. They often believe they are exceptional and entitled to special treatment.
Manipulation: Similar to covert narcissists, malignant narcissists are skilled manipulators, but they may use more direct and aggressive tactics to control and dominate others.
Lack of Empathy: Malignant narcissists generally lack empathy and have little regard for the feelings or well-being of others.
Antisocial Traits: Malignant narcissists may also exhibit traits of antisocial personality disorder, such as a disregard for social norms and a propensity for impulsive and reckless behaviors.
It's important to note that individuals with narcissistic traits can fall on a spectrum, and not all narcissists fit neatly into one specific category. Additionally, a formal diagnosis of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is necessary to identify someone as a narcissist. If you suspect that someone you know may have narcissistic tendencies, it is best to seek guidance from a qualified mental health professional for a proper evaluation and advice on how to manage any potentially challenging interactions.