While the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is typically not made in individuals under the age of 18, some traits and behaviors associated with ASPD can be observed in children and adolescents. The diagnosis of ASPD requires a pattern of behaviors and attitudes that persist over time and across various situations, indicating a stable and pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights and feelings of others. It's important to note that personality disorders, including ASPD, are typically diagnosed in adulthood when the personality is considered to be more stable and fully formed.
Before the age of 18, children and adolescents who exhibit behaviors similar to ASPD may be diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD). Conduct disorder is a precursor to ASPD and is characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of violating the basic rights of others or societal norms. The diagnosis of CD takes into account factors such as age, duration of behavior, severity, and impairment in functioning.
It is essential to recognize that the development of personality disorders, including ASPD, is a complex process influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors. Early-onset behaviors associated with conduct disorder can sometimes be a risk factor for later development of ASPD in adulthood, but not all individuals with conduct disorder will go on to develop ASPD.
If you have concerns about a child or adolescent displaying persistent behavioral issues, it is crucial to seek help from mental health professionals who specialize in working with children and adolescents. Early intervention and appropriate support can be beneficial in understanding and addressing behavioral concerns, potentially reducing the risk of long-term negative outcomes.