The concept you are referring to is called "confidentiality," which is a critical aspect of the therapeutic relationship between mental health professionals and their clients (patients or patients' legal guardians). Confidentiality is governed by laws and ethical guidelines that vary by country and state.
In general, mental health professionals, including psychologists and psychiatrists, are legally and ethically bound to maintain confidentiality regarding the information shared during therapy sessions. This means that they cannot disclose the content of sessions to anyone else without the client's explicit consent, except in specific situations where the law mandates reporting, such as:
- If the client poses a serious and immediate risk of harm to themselves or others.
- If there is suspected or reported abuse or neglect of a child, elderly person, or vulnerable adult.
- If there is a court order compelling the mental health professional to disclose information.
- If the client is involved in a legal case, and their mental health records are requested by the court.
Apart from these limited exceptions, mental health professionals are expected to maintain strict confidentiality to create a safe and trusting environment for their clients. Breaching confidentiality without valid legal or ethical grounds can result in professional and legal consequences for the mental health professional.
However, it's important to note that laws and regulations may vary by jurisdiction, so it's essential for mental health professionals and clients to be aware of the specific confidentiality laws that apply in their region. If you have concerns about confidentiality during therapy, it is best to discuss them openly with the mental health professional to gain a better understanding of the guidelines that apply in your situation.