The class of drugs that not only block the reuptake of dopamine but also increase its release are called "dopamine releasers" or "dopamine reuptake inhibitors." These drugs work by enhancing the synaptic concentration of dopamine, leading to increased dopamine activity in the brain.
One of the well-known drugs in this class is "Amphetamines," which includes substances like amphetamine and methamphetamine. Amphetamines function by:
Blocking Reuptake: They inhibit the reuptake of dopamine into the presynaptic neuron, increasing the concentration of dopamine in the synaptic cleft (the gap between nerve cells).
Promoting Release: Amphetamines also stimulate the release of dopamine from the presynaptic neuron into the synaptic cleft.
This combination of actions results in a significant increase in dopamine levels in the brain, leading to heightened feelings of pleasure, alertness, and increased energy. It is the mechanism behind the stimulant effects of drugs like amphetamines.
However, it's important to note that the use of amphetamines as recreational drugs or without medical supervision can have severe consequences, including addiction, cardiovascular issues, and mental health problems. Therefore, they are typically only used under strict medical supervision for specific medical conditions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or narcolepsy. The recreational use of amphetamines is illegal and highly discouraged due to the risks involved.