To ask "how were your exams" in a more sophisticated manner, you can phrase the question using more refined language and express genuine interest in the person's experience. Here are a few examples:
"May I inquire about the outcome of your examinations? How did you find the overall experience?"
"I hope your examinations went well. Would you mind sharing your reflections on how they went?"
"I trust your examination period has concluded. Would you be willing to discuss your impressions of the tests and your level of satisfaction with the results?"
"I'm curious to know how your recent examinations transpired. Would you care to share your thoughts on how they went?"
"In light of the examinations you recently undertook, I'd be interested to hear your assessment of how everything unfolded."
Remember, the key to sophistication is not just using complex words but also demonstrating genuine interest and concern for the other person's experiences and feelings. Be attentive and empathetic in your conversation, and it will reflect well on your communication skills.