When a medicine is near its expiry date, several changes can occur in its chemical composition, potency, and effectiveness. The expiry date on medication packaging is there for a reason - it indicates the period during which the drug is expected to remain stable and retain its full potency when stored under appropriate conditions. After the expiry date, the quality, safety, and efficacy of the medication may begin to degrade. Here are some common changes that can happen to medicine near its expiry date:
Reduced Potency: Over time, active ingredients in the medication may break down or degrade, leading to a decrease in potency. This means that the medicine may not work as effectively in treating the condition it is intended for.
Altered Chemical Composition: The breakdown of active ingredients or other components in the medication can lead to changes in its chemical composition. These changes may result in the formation of potentially harmful byproducts.
Decreased Effectiveness: As the potency diminishes, the medication may become less effective in providing symptom relief or treating the condition it was prescribed for.
Increased Risk of Contamination: As a medicine ages, its packaging and seals might deteriorate, increasing the risk of contamination by microorganisms or environmental factors.
Unpredictable Side Effects: Expired medications may have unpredictable effects on the body due to changes in their chemical structure. They could cause adverse reactions or not provide the desired therapeutic effect.
It's essential to note that some medications may be more susceptible to degradation than others. For instance, liquid formulations, antibiotics, and drugs that require specific storage conditions (e.g., refrigeration) are generally more sensitive to the passage of time.
Using expired medication is not recommended, and it's essential to dispose of medications that have passed their expiry date properly. Most medications should be discarded following the instructions provided on the packaging or as advised by healthcare professionals or local disposal guidelines. If you have any questions about a medication's expiry date or proper disposal, consult your pharmacist or healthcare provider. Always store medications as directed on the label to ensure their safety and effectiveness throughout their shelf life.