The term "emotionally unstable personality disorder" is not a specific diagnostic category in modern psychiatric classification systems. However, it may refer to a group of personality disorders characterized by emotional dysregulation and instability. These personality disorders are typically included in the Cluster B category of personality disorders in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition). The two personality disorders most associated with emotional instability are Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD).
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): BPD is characterized by pervasive patterns of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions. People with BPD often have intense, rapidly shifting emotions, fear of abandonment, and difficulty managing their feelings. They may engage in impulsive and self-destructive behaviors and have a distorted sense of self.
Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD): HPD is characterized by excessive attention-seeking behaviors, a need to be the center of attention, and a tendency to be dramatic and emotionally expressive. People with HPD may exhibit intense emotions, but these emotions are often shallow and may be used to manipulate others or gain attention.
On the other hand, being "overly emotional/sensitive/anxious" may describe traits or characteristics in individuals that are not necessarily indicative of a personality disorder. It's essential to distinguish between personality traits and personality disorders:
Personality Traits: Traits refer to enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that are relatively stable over time. Some individuals may naturally be more emotionally sensitive, empathetic, or anxious as part of their personality. These traits may not necessarily cause significant distress or dysfunction in their daily lives.
Personality Disorders: A personality disorder, on the other hand, involves maladaptive and inflexible patterns of behavior, cognition, and emotions that lead to significant distress or impair the individual's ability to function in various areas of life, such as work, relationships, and self-care.
The key distinction between being overly emotional/sensitive/anxious as part of personality traits and having an emotionally unstable personality disorder lies in the severity and persistence of the traits, the level of distress and impairment they cause, and the impact on the individual's overall functioning.
If someone finds that their emotional experiences are causing significant distress, interfering with their ability to function, and affecting their relationships or overall well-being, it may be helpful to seek the support of a mental health professional. A qualified professional can conduct a comprehensive assessment to determine whether there is a diagnosable personality disorder or if the individual is experiencing emotional difficulties related to other factors like anxiety or mood disorders. Early intervention and appropriate treatment can be beneficial in managing emotional challenges effectively.