Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD), now known as Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), is a complex and controversial psychiatric condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states within an individual. These distinct states, often referred to as "alters" or "identities," can have their own unique behaviors, thoughts, memories, and perceptions.
People with DID typically experience gaps in memory and a lack of awareness of the other personalities when one personality is dominant. This phenomenon is known as dissociation, where there is a disruption or lack of integration of various aspects of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment.
Regarding the question of whether people with DID share a common identity, the answer is not straightforward. While these distinct personalities (alters) are separate and can have different identities, memories, and even physiological responses, they are all part of the same person. The "host" personality is the core identity, but it is not uncommon for this core identity to be unaware of the existence of the other personalities.
However, there can be some level of communication or co-consciousness between alters in certain cases. Some individuals with DID may have more awareness of their alters and can experience co-fronting, where multiple personalities share control over the body or are present simultaneously.
It's important to approach this topic with sensitivity and understanding, as DID is a highly complex and often controversial diagnosis. Treatment typically involves psychotherapy, with a focus on integration and cooperation among the different personalities to achieve functional unity within the individual. If you or someone you know is dealing with dissociative symptoms or identity issues, seeking professional help from a mental health specialist experienced in working with dissociative disorders is crucial.