Medications used to treat panic attacks and panic disorder fall into different classes of drugs. The most commonly prescribed medications are:
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): SSRIs are a class of antidepressants that can help reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks. Examples of SSRIs include:
- Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- Sertraline (Zoloft)
- Paroxetine (Paxil)
- Escitalopram (Lexapro)
- Citalopram (Celexa)
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): SNRIs are another class of antidepressants that may be prescribed for panic disorder. Some common SNRIs include:
- Venlafaxine (Effexor)
- Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are fast-acting sedative medications that can help reduce anxiety and panic symptoms quickly. However, they are usually prescribed for short-term use due to the risk of dependence and withdrawal. Examples of benzodiazepines include:
- Alprazolam (Xanax)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- Lorazepam (Ativan)
- Diazepam (Valium)
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): TCAs are an older class of antidepressants that can also be used to treat panic disorder. However, they are less commonly prescribed today due to their side effect profile. One example of a TCA used for panic disorder is Imipramine (Tofranil).
The choice of medication depends on the individual's specific symptoms, medical history, and response to treatment. It's essential to work closely with a healthcare provider to find the most suitable medication and dosage for your particular situation. Additionally, medication is often used in combination with psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), for more effective and comprehensive treatment of panic disorder.