Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including episodes of depression and mania (or hypomania). There are several types of bipolar disorder, but the most common and well-known ones are Bipolar Disorder Type I and Bipolar Disorder Type II.
Bipolar Disorder Type I: This type involves experiencing both manic episodes and major depressive episodes. Manic episodes are characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, grandiosity, and impulsivity. Depressive episodes involve feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities.
Bipolar Disorder Type II: In this type, individuals experience depressive episodes similar to those in Type I. However, instead of full-blown manic episodes, they have hypomanic episodes, which are less severe and do not involve significant impairment in functioning.
It is challenging to determine the exact prevalence of bipolar disorder due to various factors, including the way it is diagnosed and reported in different populations. However, both Bipolar Disorder Type I and Type II are prevalent, with Type II being somewhat more common than Type I. It's estimated that approximately 1%-2% of the global population may experience bipolar disorder at some point in their lives.
If you or someone you know is struggling with symptoms of bipolar disorder, it's crucial to seek professional help from a mental health specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment. Effective management often involves a combination of therapy, medication, and support.