In India, both the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) are used by mental health professionals, including psychologists, to diagnose mental health disorders.
DSM: The DSM is published by the American Psychiatric Association and is widely used in many countries, including the United States and India. The latest version is the DSM-5, which provides criteria for the diagnosis of various mental health conditions, including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and more. The DSM is particularly influential in the field of psychiatry and psychology, and many mental health professionals in India are familiar with its diagnostic criteria.
ICD: The ICD is published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and provides a comprehensive system for the classification of diseases, including mental and behavioral disorders. The current version is the ICD-10, which is used worldwide for medical and health-related diagnoses, including in India. The ICD is utilized not only by mental health professionals but also by other medical practitioners and public health officials.
In India, mental health professionals may use either or both of these diagnostic manuals, depending on their training, preferences, and institutional guidelines. The DSM tends to be more commonly used in academic and clinical settings with a strong Western influence, while the ICD is used more broadly in medical and public health contexts.
It's worth noting that the DSM-5 and ICD-10 have some differences in how they classify and define certain mental health disorders, but they share many similarities. Additionally, it's essential for mental health professionals in India to be culturally sensitive and consider cultural factors that may influence the presentation of mental health conditions in individuals from diverse backgrounds.