The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal law in the United States that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in various areas of public life, including employment, public services, transportation, and housing. Mental illnesses are considered disabilities under the ADA if they substantially limit one or more major life activities.
When it comes to housing, the ADA does not specifically require the provision of public housing or shelters for individuals with mental illnesses. However, the Fair Housing Act (FHA) is another federal law that prohibits discrimination in housing based on disability, including mental illness. Under the FHA, it is illegal for housing providers to refuse to rent or sell housing, make housing unavailable, or impose different terms and conditions based on a person's disability, including mental illness.
If a person with a mental illness is denied access to public housing or shelter solely due to their disability, it could be considered a violation of their civil rights under the ADA and the FHA. Additionally, if a person believes their rights have been violated, they may file a complaint with the appropriate federal agency, such as the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ).
It's essential to note that the specific circumstances of each case can vary, and interpretations of these laws may be subject to change or vary depending on the jurisdiction. If you or someone you know is facing housing discrimination based on a mental illness or any other disability, it's essential to consult with an attorney or contact the appropriate civil rights agency to understand the options and protections available.